滋阴清嗓汤对咳嗽变异性哮喘发作期患儿IgE、IL-4、IL-5水平的影响及安全性分析

目的:探究滋阴清嗓汤对咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)发作期患儿免疫球蛋白E(IgE)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-5(IL-5)的影响及安全性。方法:选取2018年1月—2019年6月在河南省儿童医院东三街院区呼吸科一病区住院治疗的170例CVA患儿,随机分为中医联合组(85例)和西医常规组(85例)。所有患儿均给予西医常规治疗,中医联合组加用滋阴清嗓汤。两组均连续治疗14 d后,观察并比较两组的疗效、症状改善时间、临床主要症状积分、外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)内IL-4、IL-5、血清IgE水平、呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)及肺功能指标水平。结果:中医联合组患儿痊愈率为80.00%(68/85),显著高于西医常规组痊愈率61.18%(52/85)(P<0.05)。中医联合组患儿症状改善时间(咳嗽减轻、咳嗽消退、夜咳停止的时间)均显著短于西医常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿咳嗽、咽痛、喉痒评分均显著下降,且中医联合组显著低于西医常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿PBMC内IL-4、IL-5及血清IgE水平均显著下降,且中医联合组均显著低于西医常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者FeNO和1 s用力呼气容积(FEV1)均显著下降(P<0.05),呼气峰流速(PEF)均显著升高(P<0.05),组间比较,中医联合组均显著优于西医常规组(P<0.05)。两组患者在治疗期间均未发生明显不良反应和不良事件。结论:滋阴清嗓汤对CVA发作期患儿具有良好的疗效,可发挥较好的滋阴清热、止咳平喘、改善慢性炎症作用,有效改善其临床症状,安全性高,值得推广。     

彩色超声引导下针刀治疗肩胛上神经卡压综合征临床疗效观察

目的:观察彩色超声引导下针刀治疗肩胛上神经卡压综合征的临床疗效。方法:选择本院治疗的肩胛上神经卡压综合征患者60例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。对照组给予小针刀松解治疗,观察组在彩色超声引导下给予小针刀松解治疗。结果:观察组有效率96.7%,对照组有效率86.7%,观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗1周后、1个月后随访,两组VAS评分均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗1周后、1个月后随访,两组Constant-Murley肩关节评分均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:彩超引导下针刀局部松解治疗肩胛上神经卡压综合征,可减轻患者的疼痛,缩短肩关节活动功能恢复的时间。     

带中心孔植入式透镜（V4c-ICL）矫正高度近视的视觉质量研究

目的　观察高度近视患者植入带中心孔植入式透镜（implantable collamer lens，ICL）后的临床疗效和视觉相关的生活质量。方法　前瞻性病例研究。选取我院诊断为高度近视，并植入V4c-ICL患者25例（50眼）为研究对象。术前及术后1个月、3个月、6个月分别检查患者屈光状态，裸眼远、中、近视力，最佳矫正远视力，远视力矫正下中、近视力，双眼视力，眼压，角膜内皮细胞密度（corneal endothelial cell density，ECD），并进行国家眼科研究所视功能问卷-25（national eye institute-visual function questionnaire，NEI-VFQ-25）调查及评分。结果　高度近视患者植入V4c-ICL后不同时间球镜、柱镜、等效球镜（spherical equivalent，SE）度较术前均明显降低（F=884.35、17.15、810.25，均为P＜0.05）；术后不同时间裸眼远、中、近视力，最佳矫正远视力，远视力矫正下中、近视力和双眼视力较术前均明显改善（F=604.47、878.13、713.92、22.25、5.33、6.90、16.51，均为P＜0.05）。术前及术后随访期间眼压、ECD无明显变化（F=0.07、1.53，均为P＞0.05）；术后NEI-VFQ-25评分较术前明显提高（F=21.76，P＜0.05）。结论　高度近视患者植入V4c-ICL后屈光不正得到矫正、短期内屈光稳定，随访期间远、中、近视力明显提高，视觉相关的生活质量明显改善。V4c-ICL植入术治疗高度近视安全、有效。     

儿童永久起搏器植入术后约束衣的制作与应用

人工永久起搏器已广泛应用于心律失常患儿中。在起搏器植入后,患儿需绝对卧床3~7 d,并要求术侧肩关节制动24 h,以防止起搏器电极移位[1]。术后24 h,患肢可做肩关节活动,但外展的幅度不能超过60°[2]。由于学龄期儿童天性好动,普通约束带点式约束只能约束手腕部,上臂及肩关节约束效果有限,患儿活动时易对起搏器囊袋处皮肤造成牵拉,引起术后并发症。同时,点式约束不当还会导致患儿的腕部形成压疮。鉴于此,我科制作了儿童永久搏器植入术后约束衣,取得了满意效果。现报告如下。     

Optimal parameter selection problem with application to the synchronization of delivery cycles in a supply chain with Wiener process

In this paper, we use optimal parameter selection technique to develop two models involving single‐vendor–multiple‐buyer supply chain, which are called the dynamic independent optimization (DIO) model and the dynamic synchronized cycles (DSC) model, respectively. These models are, respectively, similar to the traditional static independent policy model and the traditional static synchronized cycle model, except that the deterministic demands of the buyers in the above two static models are now being replaced by the stochastic demands satisfying a Wiener process, which have more real‐life applications. Similar to the above static synchronized cycles model, the synchronization of the supply chain in our DSC model is also achieved by scheduling the delivery days of the buyers and coordinating them with the vendor's production cycle. Finding the optimal expected system costs of the DIO model and the DSC model involves solving optimal parameter selection problems governed by ordinary differential equations, whose final times are continuous decision variables and discrete decision variables, respectively. Computational methods have been developed for solving these problems. Numerical results show that the coordinated policy is better than the independent optimization policy, in terms of minimizing the expected system cost of the entire supply chain. Sensitivity analysis is performed to test the effect of changing the cost coefficients and the value on the performances of these models, where is the ratio of the total mean demand rate of all the buyers over the vendor's production rate.     

Distribution of internal thoracic artery perforators: A clincal anatomy study

There are various modifications of the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap and deep inferior epigastric perforator flap to reduce the morbidity of the donor site or to augment the vascularity of the flap. For microanastomosis of multiple pedicles, multiple recipient vessels or an intervening vein graft should be provided. In addition, alternative perforator‐based flaps used in breast reconstruction have small caliber pedicles. Therefore, small recipient vessels such as internal thoracic artery perforators are more suitable for appropriate microanastomosis. Therefore, it is important to acquaint the distribution and anatomical characteristics of internal thoracic artery perforators. We researched the perforators running in the intercostal spaces under the pectoralis major muscle to provide an overview of the anatomical distribution and characteristics of the perforators in patients who underwent immediate subpectoral implant‐based breast reconstructions. In our study, the major perforators (diameter > 1.5 mm) were easily found 2–7 cm medially between the third and fourth intercostal space and were sparse in the lateral area from the midline of the breast (usually 8–9 cm lateral to the midsternal line) and above the third rib. In each side of the breast, the average number of perforators greater than 1.5 mm was 1.6, and the average number of perforators between 1 mm and 1.5 mm in diameter was 3.2. Our results provide information about perforators in the anterior chest wall related to the breast area. Clin. Anat. 32:471–475, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Recent trends in the prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori in symptomatic children: A 12-year retrospective study in a tertiary centre

Objective

Helicobacter pylori infection is common among Asians. However, evidence in the recent years has demonstrated a decrease in the prevalence of H. pylori infection among children and adults worldwide. Our aim was to update its prevalence in symptomatic children in our locality in the recent 12?years and compared to the results of our previous review published in 2005.

A Very Long-term Longitudinal Study on the Evolution and Clinical Outcomes of Persistent Iatrogenic Atrial Septal Defect After Cryoballoon Ablation

Background

Persistent iatrogenic atrial septal defect (iASD) is a common but poorly characterized complication after cryoballoon (CB) pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) procedures. We therefore investigate its prevalence, evolution, risk factors, and clinical outcomes in a prospective longitudinal study.

Seizure as the Presenting Symptom for Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

Background

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a complement-mediated disease manifesting in thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and acute kidney injury. It has a higher incidence of extrarenal manifestations, including central nervous system findings like seizure or stroke, pancreatitis, and cardiac manifestations.